Fun & Functional DIY Games to Play with Kids

Are you looking for a fun and functional DIY games to play with kids? I can promise you that my seasonal category games will exceed your expectations. Using bags and items you have around the house, you can quickly create an electronic free way to engage with your child and foster language skills.

MOM’S PURSE

My love for bagging up objects started with this fun activity that I found on Make Learning Fun during Mother’s Day 2012.  Basically, you play a guessing game about items typically found in mom’s purse.  It was a HUGE hit with preschoolers and middle school students during the spring season, and it was easily adaptable.  All you need to do is search your home for a variety of items that are typically found in a mom’s purse.  I purchased most of my items at the Dollar Tree, bag included!

After your search for objects is over, take a picture or make a computer generated one for each item in the bag.  Then print, hole punch, and clip all pictures to your purse for safe keeping.  During the game, children take turns using just their hands to feel inside the bag for the picture target.  I like to set a timer for one minute to keep the game moving along. Older children can use descriptive words to talk about what item they are looking for while younger ones can reach in and search while you provide descriptors.  Here are some of the many speech and language goals that can be incorporated into this activity:

  • articulation practice at the word/ phrase/ sentence level
  • describing objects by function
  • discussing objects by shape/ size/ textures
  • using slow, smooth fluent speech to talk about object features
  • answering “why” questions about various bag contents

BEACH/POOL BAG

You can create a seasonal category game for the summer months too.  All you need to do is grab your pool or beach bag, which may already have plenty of items packed in it for the summer, and take a picture of each item.  Then, using contact paper, laminate the pictures and hole punch the stack.  You can use a round clip to attach the pictures to the handle of the bag.

Now, it’s time for some fun!  Following the cards in sequential order, have children take turns reaching into the bag to feel for the item on their picture.  Describe the item by size, shape, texture and more, prompting children to use descriptive words. My middle schoolers loved revisiting the guessing game after enjoying the “Mom’s Purse” activity during spring.

If you want to work on following descriptive directions, you can ask your children to locate the above items given clues, and then play the seek and find game later.  Below are some clues you can provide for items like the ones pictured above:

  • Find something made of plastic that helps us see underwater.
  • Get something in a hard can that protects our skin outside from the sun.
  • Find some small, bumpy treasures that we brought home from the beach.
  • Get the soft, large thing that dries us off.
  • Find three plastic things we can play with in the water. 

LUNCHBOX

Since it’s harder to ask kids to reach into such a small space like a lunchbox and feel around for things, I created some “What am I” guessing cards.  Grab your level 1 card deck here.  If you are looking for something a bit more challenging, then snag your level 2 rhyming card deck at this link.

The contents of my lunchbox included: water bottle, spoon and fork, sandwich container, Ziploc bag, straw, note, and a napkin.   Once kids guess the object, have them search the lunchbox to retrieve the match.  I also took pictures of all objects in case I want to use this as a matching picture to object task for my preschool kids.  This is a perfect, fun game for your “Back to School” lesson planning and a great way to recycle your child’s former lunchbox!  Enjoy!!

CHRISTMAS STOCKING

I replaced typical gifts in a seasonal game with mini objects targeting speech sounds or vocabulary to enhance expressive skills. For suggestions and sources, see my post.

Given the number of targets that you may use with this game, I typically forego creating pictures as I have with my other guessing game bags.  Think of it this Christmas activity as a sensory bin without the box. For articulation practice, clients can pick one item at a time from the bin and say the word 3-5 times.  Language clients can describe the item retrieved, answer questions about it, or use the target in a sentence.  

Teaching Asking & Answering Questions with Jeopardy

Jeopardy sign

For a dynamic language activity, gather a stable poster board, 12 envelopes, and small paper pieces. That is all you need to make your own Jeopardy game. Integrating the popular game Jeopardy into speech therapy sessions offers an engaging way to enhance question-asking and answering skills.

I like to mimic the real game by sorting answers into increasingly difficult categories with more points earned for the most challenging questions.  I also use four categories of “PEOPLE”, “THINGS”, “PLACES”, and “TIME” to coincide with the ever popular “WHO”, “WHAT”, “WHERE”, and “WHEN” questions. You can make up your own stimulus or take them from any therapy manual. Regardless of the source, use those small pieces of paper to write the answers and then place each paper going from easiest to hardest in their corresponding category envelope. That’s it. The whole project should take no more than 30 minutes to create! 

Foster Asking & Answering Questions

Once you have the poster board with envelopes attached, you can always change the categories or even make the game reflect seasonal topics. Before we play the game, I spend a few sessions working on the following:  matching questions to appropriate answers; asking “WH” questions; using good manners as though you are on a real TV show; and turn taking. You may need to use some paper bags during training with the category names and starter words to questions written across the bag.

Often, my groups have included several students or even classrooms with children who have varying ability levels; therefore, I always provide one point if the student remembers to use a polite question such as, “Mrs. Cote, may I please have ____ for ___ points?” I typically have students respond in the form of a question after I read their answer, but you can adapt this game to best meet goals for students on your caseload. I have been playing this game for years and it has proven to be a real crowd pleaser!

Given our busy, “frenzied” schedules, I thought that I would make your lives a bit easier by creating some answer cards for you!  Each row represents statements for increasingly challenging answers starting with level one and working up to level three.  You can grab, print, and cut yours at the links below:

What Questions
When Questions
Where Questions
Who Questions

Improving Comprehension with Winter Literacy

As the winter chill settles in, it’s the perfect time to cozy up with some winter-themed literacy activities! Whether you’re a speech pathologist looking for engaging classroom resources or a parent eager to enhance your child’s reading skills at home, this winter literacy post (featured in ASHA 1/10/13) has you covered.

Exploring winter literacy with my elementary clients has been a delightful journey, inspired by fellow bloggers and their creative lesson plans. During a winter break, I crafted my own engaging lessons, pairing seasonal books with practical activities. Organizing these books can enhance thematic learning experiences and streamline access to resources for speech and language therapy sessions.  For more details about my unique storing system, read my organization post.

Tracks in the Snow

Tracks in the Snow by Wong Herbert Yee suits 1st and 2nd graders. It aids in teaching irregular past tense verbs. I decided to create a list using sentences with present tense verbs from the story.  Kids take turns changing verbs to past tense, earning animal track cards or tokens for correct answers. The person with the most tracks or tokens wins! You can grab your list here for Tracks in the Snow:

The Missing Mitten Mystery

My next book, The Missing Mitten Mystery by Steven Kellogg is a funny story about a little girl who retraces her steps outside in search of a missing mitten.  I found this book by Scholastic for a quarter at my local library sale! Moreover, I needed a lesson for some 3rd graders that focused on simple comprehension questions following a short reading, and this book fit the bill! If you can find this book at your local library or bookstore, then you can use these comprehension questions!

In the Snow: Who’s Been Here?

Another score at the library sale was, In the Snow: Who’s Been Here? by Lindsay Barrett George.  I highly recommend borrowing or purchasing this book because each page gives clues about a winter animal that has crossed the trail in the woods just prior to the children’s walk. Great for vocabulary building and also for answering who/what questions!!

The Hat

The Hat by Jan Brett follows Hedgie the hedgehog as he gets a sock stuck on his prickles and faces the curiosity of other animals. As the story unfolds, readers discover how Hedgie’s predicament turns into a whimsical adventure. If you have not seen the FREE templates at www.makelearningfun.com that go along with the stories, The Mitten and The Hat both by Jan Brett, then you should follow this link to take a look!

Owl Moon

Owl Moon by Jane Yolen depicts a young girl and her father as they embark on a magical journey into the woods on a moonlit night. Together, they search for owls, experiencing the wonder and quiet beauty of nature. I found some great worksheets for this award winning story at this blogger’s TpT site.

Addendum 1/3/2013

After borrowing Katy and the Big Snow, I crafted a vocabulary lesson plan, prompted by a comment on this post. Follow this link for complete details.






FREE Multiple Meaning Thematic Word Lists

Pen circling a date on a calendar

One vocabulary area that seems to challenge many is: providing two or more different definitions for multiple meaning words. Targeting multiple meaning words over a few weeks isn’t enough; I’ll focus on them throughout the school year for measurable gains. So, I developed word banks for monthly calendars based on a seasonal activity, event, or category. I found that asking students to provide a definition relative to the theme was very helpful.

Lesson Plan

At the beginning of every session, each student would provide one definition for the day’s target word. Every Friday, I wrote “Review Day” on the calendar so students could pick whatever word they wanted from the past week.  Sometimes, there were small candy incentives for accurately providing at least two, different definitions.  Below are word banks you can use to make your own calendars.

Word Lists

  • January (Hockey words): slip, icing, sticks, fans, ice, mask, uniform, slash, goal, net, line, slide, glass, coach, pass, shoot
  • February (Body Parts): head, ear, limb, hand, feet, nail, face, arms, foot, lash, gum, calf, back, arm
  • March (Baseball Words): bat, batter, pitcher, run, home, strike, ball, coach, hit, fan, plate, fly, diamond
  • April (Animal words): bark, duck, hog, bear, clam, fly, bug, fish, bat, snake, crane, chicken, monkey, pig, rat, badger
  • May (Action words): join, drive, straighten, play, grill, settle, observe, grasp, spare, take, spin, stand, fire, fix, beat, lose, shake, sign, miss
  • September (Things You May Find in Your Home): iron, key, light, bed, screen, shed, sink, yard, fan, entrance, deck, plant, table, pool, steps
  • October (Basketball): ball, hoop, court, coach, dribble, pass, shoot, basket, net, quarter, foul, travel, trip, charge, block, run, steal, fan, tie
  • November (Football): ball, tackle, coach, quarter, half, run, pass, field, guard, fan, wave, catch, practice, cover, down, flag, cheer
  • December (Holiday/ Seasonal words): cold, present, ice, star, shop, stockings, bow, trip, open, light, wrap, tag

10 Apps that Stand the Test of Time

I was given each of these apps so I could put them to the test and offer a first person, hands on review.  This list of 10 apps that stand the test of time is meant to guide other educators and caregivers towards the apps that I have found to be most beneficial, not only when my son was younger, but also at work with clients on my pediatric, speech-language caseload. The ranking is in no particular order of preference.

Conversation Builder

Conversation Builder Teen ($29.99) by Mobile Education Store:  I cannot say enough about this dynamic app that supports improving social skills for teenagers! I have used  it with middle school clients diagnosed with autism. To say this app is a must have for anyone needing support with pragmatic skills would be a HUGE understatement!!

Tense Builder

Tense Builder ($9.99) by Mobile Education Store:  This is another, fantastic app by Kyle Tomson. It addresses every, possible verb tense in a bright, entertaining way that the first graders in my life really enjoy. Users watch a short cartoon video and then match the appropriate picture to the target sentence. For a closer look at this gem, head to my detailed post here.

Syntax City

Syntax City ($19.99) by Smarty Ears:  Great app that targets a good variety of syntax in a fun, categorical way. Visit several different locations in the city and earn prizes by choosing the correct word to complete sentences. Motivating, educational, and fun for my young, elementary students. I have more information and images to see of this app in my detailed review post.  

Rainbow Sentences

Rainbow Sentences ($9.99) by Mobile Education Store:
The object of this game is to unscramble words to form grammatically correct sentences. It offers multiple settings and various levels of difficulty. I personally like how the mixed up words maintain the correct punctuation and capitalization, which act as clues for word ordering while offering visual reminders to use these techniques while writing too! Children earn pieces of a puzzle by answering several questions accurately.  I provide even more details and images in my post: Constructing Grammatically Correct Sentences with Rainbow Sentences app.

Preposition Builder

Preposition Builder ($7.99) by Mobile Education Store:
What can I say, I’m a Mobile Education Store Fan! They cover all the speech language therapy bases!! This app teaches prepositions in related groups. Once you successfully fill-in the correct prepositions in all sentences, you unlock an opportunity to watch a short, animated video clip.

Articulation Station

Articulation Station (.99-$5.99) by Little Bee Speech:  The app itself comes free with oneArticulation Station target sound, /p/, and then you purchase other sounds at various prices. Speech pathologists will want the entire collection, while parents need only purchase sound targets applicable for their children.  No need to dig for flashcards because this puts them all in the palm of your hand. You can work at word, phrase, sentence, or story levels and set sound targets for all positions in words.  In addition to the flashcards, there are memory games built into every sound target, making carryover practice easy and fun!

Expressive

Expressive ($59.99) by Smarty Ears apps: This is an affordable augmentative and alternative communication speech generating app primarily used for individuals who are minimally verbal.  For complete details and images, please see my post Expressive by Smarty Ears Apps- An Affordable AAC app.

Expressive Builder

Expressive Builder ($9.99) by Mobile Education Store:  I use this app to address building grammatically and syntactically correct sentences. The levels of play make this a nice tool for teaching and assessing speech and language skills!

Custom Boards

Custom Boards (PRICELESS) by Smarty Ears apps: Incredible, comprehensive, amazing, dynamic – these are just some of the descriptive words that came to describe this app!  Basically, Custom Boards allows you to create whatever you need for children of all ages using any of the 35,000 “Smarty Ears” symbols, your own library photos, or Google search images.  You can edit the text font, image size, and change the background colors for images to help them stand out more and create just about anything from Bingo games to daily routine visual schedules.

Little Stories

Little Stories ($59.99) by Little Bee Speech:  It is impossible for me to tell you everything about this app in one paragraph, so I want you to download the free version and sample three stories for yourself.  You can target speech, language, and literacy in this dynamic app that contains 82 stories at tiered reading levels. Take a look at what you get with each story:

Reading & Literacy

  • Phonemic awareness
  • Reading fluency
  • Reading comprehension
  • Story structure awareness
  • Story tradition and genre exploration

Receptive Language Skills

  • Attention and listening
  • Vocabulary acquisition
  • Story structure and comprehension
  • Question processing

Expressive Language Skills

  • Speech production
  • Story sequencing
  • Story retelling
  • Question answering

How to Write a Social Story

One of the most frequently asked questions I have heard in both early intervention and school settings is:  How do you write a social story? I’ve discovered the value of not only offering educators and caregivers the stories they seek for their children but also providing guidance on crafting future social narratives. By the end of this post, I aim for you to feel empowered to craft your own impactful social stories.

Woman dressed in black working at a computer

What is a social story?

A social story is a personalized script that depicts any number of social scenarios.  According to the developer of social stories, Carol Gray, “Social Stories are a social learning tool that supports the safe and meaningful exchange of information between parents, professionals, and people with autism of all ages.” Written in the first person, the social story may be repeated aloud; therefore, we want these utterances to be grammatically correct and personify the speaker. If a child memorizes a script like “You will feel proud,” it may sound awkward in social situations.  Rather, this line in a social story should say, “I will feel proud.”

Who benefits from social stories?

Children with autism and other communication delays have particular difficulty comprehending and responding to routine and unexpected social situations. Social stories define social sequences, aiding comprehension for autistic children, whether through text alone or with visuals.

What can I use to write my own, visual social story?

While there are many social stories for sale, it is easier to compose one specific to the child’s needs. These stories can be generated using apps on an iPad like, Social Story Creator & Library by Touch Autism or Custom Boards by Smarty Ears apps. Create a photo album with typed sentences to ensure consistent reading, aligning with pictures for a cohesive story experience.

Whether your social story is a few pictures in a photo album or several sentences on one full page, there are some elements that must be included in order for the story to be effective. Let’s look at a sample story and examine the  four types of sentences that comprise a social story.

Guideline for Writing Social Stories:

Story title:  Changing into Gym Clothes Before Gym Class

Before we can go to gym class, we need to change into our gym clothes. (This is an example of a descriptive sentence. You may use a few of these in one story.)

Other children in my class need to change into their gym clothes before gym class too. (This is a perspective sentence because it describes another’s actions.)

I will try and stay calm in the noisy changing room. (This directive sentence type is a statement of the response or action you are trying to achieve with the social story. You can even add some techniques that help the child “calm” such as taking deep breaths or counting.)

Most people change into gym clothes before gym class so they will not ruin their school clothes. It is a good idea to keep our school clothes clean. (This final sentence is called an affirmative one because it affirms or reinforces the other sentences in the story and reiterates values and opinions.)

While I have seen some written using negative connotations like, “I will not hit my friends,” we know that repeating these lines can reinforce those unacceptable behaviors.  A better option would be to script the expected action, “I will have quiet, calm hands with my friends.”

Sample Social Story Resources:

I hope that the details in this post provided you with all the information that you need to write your own social stories.  However, if you are not quite ready to start from scratch, then I have listed some resources with sample stories to use or edit:

Writing Social Stories with Carol Gray

The New Social Stories Book: Revised and Expanded 15th Anniversary Edition

204 Fold and Say Social Stories

Given the emotional content some social stories are more challenging to write than others, so Carol Gray wrote some sample social stories covering topics like, safety, tragedy, self discovery, stereotypes, and resilience.

How to Read an Audiogram

Woman with her hand on her head while reading a paper

As speech pathologists, it is well within our scope of practice to help families interpret and understand results of formal hearing evaluations, especially the details provided on an audiogram. First, I will define the measures used in formal hearing testing. Then, I will describe some symbols used on an audiogram. Finally, I will discuss the three different types of hearing loss.

Frequency and Decibels

Two measurements evaluate hearing: frequency and decibels. Frequency, also known as Hertz (Hz), denotes sound pitch, ranging from 250 Hz to 8000 Hz. An example of a low pitch would be the sound of thunder; for a midrange pitch, an example would be a telephone ring.  A high pitch example would be the sound of cymbals clanging.

Decibels (dB) mean intensity or loudness; and it is measured from 0 dB through 110dB.  Normal conversational speech is about 45 dB.  It is important to note that 0dB does not mean the complete absence of sound, but rather it is the softest sound that a person with normal hearing ability would be able to detect at least 50% of the time.

We call the softest level at which your child can hear the threshold. In a hearing evaluation, an audiologist tests frequencies from low to high decibels until the client hears each pitch. The audiologist then documents the threshold for each frequency on the audio gram.  When testing is completed with headphones, it is called “air” thresholds because the sound must travel through the air of the ear canal to be heard.

Audiogram Symbols

Your child’s audiogram should have a box explaining what the symbols used on the diagram represent. The right ear is marked with an O, and the left ear with an X to indicate air thresholds. When using bone conduction, the audiologist places a small device behind the child’s ear, secured by a metal band. This device sends sounds via direct vibration of the bone and specifically tests the sensitivity of the inner ear.  A < symbol denotes the right ear and a > symbol indicates the left ear’s responses to bone conduction. If testing reveals a hearing loss, the audiologist will compare results of air and bone conduction testing to identify the type of loss.

Types of Hearing Loss

There are three kinds of hearing loss: conductive, sensorineural, and mixed.  A conductive loss means the outer or middle parts of the ear are not working effectively. Fluid or wax build-up blocks sound from transferring to the intact inner ear. The audiologist confirms this because bone conduction testing showed an intact inner ear, but air conduction indicated a problem.

A conductive hearing is sometimes treatable with medication or surgery and is typically temporary.  However, if your child is experiencing a conductive loss during peak learning opportunities, then you may notice limited responses to language and reduced verbalizations. While your child receives treatment, seize every chance to let them watch your lips form sounds and use visuals to aid understanding. Even with one affected ear, they perceive speech as if underwater.

A sensorineural loss occurs when the inner ear is not properly receiving sounds.  Your child’s audiogram would indicate an air conduction threshold and bone conduction threshold with the same amount of hearing loss. Several factors cause this loss, including aging, prolonged exposure to loud noises, viral infections, disrupted blood supply to the ear, metabolic disturbances, accidents, and genetic predisposition. About 90% of people with hearing impairments have this type of loss.  Regrettably, medications or surgeries cannot treat it, but hearing aids can enhance responses to sounds. Those with a severe hearing loss may benefit from a cochlear implant.

A mixed hearing loss is the combination of a conductive and sensorineural loss.  In this case, your child may already have a sensorineural hearing loss and then develop a conductive loss due to excessive fluid or wax in the ears.  In an audiogram, you would see bone conduction thresholds indicating a hearing loss and the air conduction thresholds showing an even greater hearing loss.

Ranges

The following indicates results for the average ADULT.  It is harder to use the same interpretation with children as children may not respond well in testing for a variety of reasons, but these numbers should give you a general sense of severity levels.

  • -10 dB to 25 dB = Normal range
  • 26 dB to 40 dB = Mild hearing loss
  • 41 dB to 55 dB = Moderate hearing loss
  • 56 dB to 70 dB = Moderately Severe hearing loss
  • 71 dB to 90 dB = Severe hearing loss
  • over 90 dB = Profound hearing loss

Next Steps

After an evaluation using headphones in a sound-proof booth setting, your audiologist should be able to answer the following questions based on test results:

  • How well does my child hear at low, medium, and high pitches?
  • Does my child have a hearing loss?
  • If my child has a hearing loss, what part of the ear is affected: outside, middle, or inner?

This article, including the diagram, originates from an Audiology Awareness Campaign article by Glen R. Meier, M.S., CCC-A, FAAA. For more details about audiological hearing evaluations, read my post: Why Does my Child need a Diagnostic Hearing Evaluation?

Simple Speech Therapy Early Intervention Activity using Eggs

Crack open the door to engaging speech and language development with our simple yet effective speech therapy early intervention activity using eggs! All you need are a dozen plastic eggs and objects small enough to fit in each! There is just something about finding mini treasures that delights youngsters between the ages of two and five years old. I have used this bag of tricks during the spring/ Easter season and beyond with great success!  For more winning, speech therapy early intervention activities, head to this post.

Communicative Purpose

In the world of speech pathology, we often reference: communicative purpose.  These are the various ways that we express our intentions to connect with others.  The greatest thing about using this simple activity of filling plastic eggs with treasures, is that you can elicit several purposes for social communication.  Below is a sample of a speech session from start to finish using eggs filled with objects to tempt communication with young children:

  • Requesting object: indicating a choice for an egg with pointing, eye gaze, reaching, or vocalizing
  • Requesting assistance: reaching, signing, vocalizing, or expressing “help” to open an egg
  • Greeting: waving and/ or saying “hi/ hello, bye/ see ya” as you take objects in and out of eggs
  • Requesting action: gesturing and/ or vocalizing to say “go” after a verbal prompt of “Ready, set…” with a wind up toy; matchbox car/ small vehicle; or spring-loaded pop-up toy
  • Requesting continuance: gestures, signs, and/ or vocalizes “more”
  • Labeling: using a sound/ syllable/ word for famous characters like Elmo, Sponge Bob, and Dora
  • Commenting: using facial expressions, sounds (ew), words (yuck, wow) to make comments about sticky, slimy, gooey, messy things
  • Responding to questions: Potato Head pieces for naming and/ or identifying body parts
  • Protesting: shaking head “no”; pushing object away; placing it in an egg; or vocalizing “no”
  • Requesting termination: gesturing, signing, and/ or vocalizing “all done”

Treasure Hunt

While you may find many objects around your home, below are some great places to look for more items to fill in eggs.
  • The Dollar Tree typically has a wind up toy or two somewhere in the store or you can find bundles on Amazon.  I like having one of these in each sound box because they allow for a little more opportunity for target practice while you play with it.  You may also find magnet numbers, miniature animal figures, individually packaged specialty characters, and small Koosh objects at your local Dollar Tree store.
  • Target Dollar spots sometimes have mini object erasers in a pack of 4 for $1.  I found a fruit one on clearance for 30 cents that had a strawberry, banana, grapes, and a watermelon.  
  • Party stores often have trinkets for favors or decor for themed parties 
  • Walmart carries seasonal favors that are fairly priced.  I found a collection of stretchy body parts during Halloween a few years ago that the kids love.
  • IKEA sometimes carries animal finger puppets in a collection of 5-6 that are fun for varying play during a seek-and-find game.
  • Dinky Doodads on Etsy.

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